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为促进低透气性高瓦斯煤层中瓦斯的预抽，消除煤层煤与瓦斯突出危险，以五里堠煤矿底抽巷造穴瓦斯抽采技术为背景，通过FLAC3D数值模拟，研究了不同造穴孔倾角的应力分布特征和煤体破坏特征，基于卸压增透效果和钻孔成本效果，提出了卸压面积-钻孔长度比和塑性区面积-钻孔长度比两个指标，用于评价造穴孔卸压增透的效果。结果表明：应力卸压区面积，随造穴孔倾角的增加先趋于恒定不变，然后线性减小，该规律用Cubic函数模型拟合程度更好；应力增压区面积，随造穴孔倾角的增加先线性增加，然后趋于恒定不变；塑性区面积，随造穴孔倾角的增加先线性缓慢增加，然后突增，最后线性缓慢增加，该规律用Logistic函数模型拟合程度更好。卸压面积-钻孔长度比，随造穴孔倾角增加呈现出先增加后减小，塑性区面积-钻孔长度比随造穴孔倾角增加而增加，综合考虑上述2个指标，得到最优的造穴孔倾角40°～90°。研究成果以期对高瓦斯煤层钻孔水力造穴卸压增透效果评价和孔径优化提供参考。
Abstract：In order to promote the pre-extraction of gas in low permeability high gas coal seams and eliminate the danger of coal and gas protrusion in coal seams, with the background of bottom drainage roadway caved gas extraction technology of Wulihou Coal Mine, the stress distribution characteristics of different cavitation hole inclination angles and the coal body damage characteristics have been investigated by numerical simulation in FLAC3D, and the two indexes, namely, the area of pressure relief and penetration enhancement and plastic zone area-hole length ratio are proposed to evaluate the effect of pressure relief of cavitation hole based on the effect of pressure relief and the effect of drilling cost.The results show that: the area of stress relief zone tends to be constant with the increase of cavitation hole inclination, and then decreases linearly, which is better fitted by the Cubic function model; the area of stress pressurization zone increases linearly with the increase of cavitation hole inclination, and then tends to be constant; the plastic zone area increases linearly and slowly with the increase of cavitation hole inclination, and then increases abruptly, and then increases linearly and slowly, which is better fitted by the logistic function model. The pressure relief area-borehole length ratio shows an increase and then a decrease with the increase of the cavitation hole inclination angle, and the plastic zone area-hole length ratio increases with the increase of the cavitation hole inclination angle.Considering the above two indexes, the optimal cavitation hole inclination angle between 40° to 90°.The results of this study are intended to provide a reference for the effect of hydraulic cavitation pressure relief and permeability enhancement and aperture optimizationof the hole diameter in high-gas coal beds.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13301/j.cnki.ct.2026.01.005
中图分类号:TD712.6
引用信息:
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