煤炭技术

陕北张家峁煤矿火烧区含水层为强富水含水层，是矿井开采充水的主要水源，存在采掘活动诱发突涌水灾害的风险。以陕北张家峁煤矿火烧区含水层为研究对象，通过对2^-2、3^-1煤层烧变区含水层水样的采集和分析，研究了火烧区含水层的水化学特征，以及对矿井水的充水模式。研究结果表明，矿区内的风化基岩水、2^-2煤层烧变岩水、煤系基岩裂隙水及各地表水的水样以Ca²⁺离子和HCO₃~-离子为主，水质类型为HCO₃-Ca型，矿化度多小于0.5 g/L，表明地下水处于氧化环境，其来源主要为地表水或大气降水，循环径流条件较好。3^-1煤层烧变岩水矿化度较高(多大于1.0 g/L)，阳离子中Na⁺、Mg²⁺离子为主，说明地下水循环径流条件较差。后期，将进一步深入研究火烧区含水层水化学特征，随开掘活动的长期演化规律。研究结果对于深入认识矿区的水文地质条件，以及指导烧变岩水害的防治具有一定的参考价值。

The aquifer in the burned area of Zhangjiamao coal mine in northern Shaanxi province is a strong water-rich aquifer, which is the main source of mine water during mining and there is a risk of water inrush disaster induced by mining activities. Takes the aquifer in the burned area of Zhangjiamao coal mine as the research object. By collecting and analyzing water samples from the aquifer in the 2^-2 and 3^-1 coal seam burning zones, the hydrochemical characteristics of the aquifer in the burned zone and the water filling mode of the mine water are studied. The research results indicate that the weathered bedrock water, 2^-2 coal seam burnt rock water, coal bearing bedrock fissure water. The water samples of coal measure bedrock fracture water and surface water are mainly Ca²⁺ ions and HCO₃~- ions,the water quality type is HCO₃-Ca type, and the salinity is mostly less than 0.5 g/L, indicating that the groundwater is in an oxidizing environment, its source is mainly surface water or atmospheric precipitation, and the circulating runoff conditions are good. The mineralization degree of the rock water during coal combustion is relatively high(mostly greater than 1.0 g/L), and Na⁺ and Mg^{2 +} ions are mainly present in the cations, indicating poor conditions for groundwater circulation and runoff. In the later stage, further in-depth research will be conducted on the long-term evolution of the hydrochemical characteristics of the aquifer in the burned area with excavation activities. The research results have certain reference value for a deeper understanding of the hydrogeological conditions in mining areas and for guiding the prevention and control of water damage caused by burnt rocks.