煤炭技术

针对综采放顶煤工作面液压支架尾部放煤空间的局限性，提出了架前放顶煤回采技术，即放煤口位于支架的伸缩梁上，通过伸出、收回伸缩梁和升降架方式使顶煤破碎并垮落，在铺设金属网的人工假顶掩护作用下，顶煤从伸缩梁前方的护帮板缓慢放出至刮板输送机运出。设计研究了架前放顶煤回采工艺，对其主要回采技术参数进行计算和分析，得出合理的采放比为1∶3；建立综放液压支架载荷计算力学模型，对支架与围岩结构稳定性进行分析，与工作面实测数据对比，验证了液压支架控制顶板的稳定性。该技术在工程现场得到了成功应用，创造了明显的经济效益，实现了放顶煤开采技术创新。

In view of the limitation of coal discharge space at the tail of hydraulic support for fully mechanized top coal caving face, the mining technology of top coal discharge in front of the support is proposed, that is, the coal discharge port is located on the telescopic beam of the support, and the top coal is broken and caved by extending and withdrawing the telescopic beam and lifting frame. Under the cover of artificial false roof laid by metal mesh, the top coal is slowly released from the protection plate in front of the telescopic beam to the scraper conveyor. The mining technology of top coal in front of shelf is designed and studied, and the main technical parameters are calculated and analyzed, and the reasonable mining and mining ratio is 1 ∶3. A mechanical model for load calculation of hydraulic support is established to analyze the structural stability of support and surrounding rock, and the stability of roof controlled by hydraulic support is verified by comparing with the measured data of working face. This technology has been successfully applied in the engineering site, and has created obvious economic benefits and realized technological innovation of caving top coal mining.