煤炭技术

豫西寒武系张夏组沉积主要是以碳酸盐岩台地相为主，中下部发育大量遗迹化石，作为最早海侵区域，为恢复寒武纪古生态面貌提供关键依据。通过对张夏组中下部遗迹化石的系统研究和遗迹组构的全面分析，得出以下结论：张夏组中下部发育Balanoglossites遗迹组构，其主要岩性为薄板状构造的微晶灰岩，遗迹化石的分子组成为大量的Balanoglossites triadicus和少量的Sulcolithos variabilis，岩性组合有生物扰动灰岩、凝块石灰岩和粒状灰岩，沉积环境整体表现为急速海侵之后，又出现缓慢海退，潮间带深水到浅水环境的过渡，Balanoglossites遗迹组构是前后2期不同生物扰动产生的，其底质是固底和硬底；张夏组二段底部由丛状凝块石和竹叶状砾屑灰岩占主导，中下部是柱状凝块石和鲕粒灰岩为主，出现Balanoglossites遗迹组构，上部是块状凝块石灰岩和Balanoglossites遗迹组构互层，其上覆地层为厚层的鲕粒灰岩。微生物岩和后生动物扰动的主要控制因素是海平面的升降和水动力条件。

The Zhangxia formation of the Cambrian in western Henan is mainly composed of carbonate platform facies with a large number of vestige fossils developed in the middle and lower part. As the earliest transgression area, it provides a key basis for restoring the paleoecological features of the Cambrian period. Through the systematic study of the remains fossils in the middle and lower part of Zhangxia formation and the comprehensive analysis of the remains fabric, the following conclusions are drawn: The Balanoglossites relic fabric is developed in the middle and lower part of the Zhangxia formation. The main lithology is microcrystalline limestone with thin plate structure. The molecular composition of the fossil remains is Balanoglossites triadicus in large amount and Sulcolithos variabilis in small amount. The lithologic assemblage consists of bioturbation limestone, clot limestone and granular limestone. The overall sedimentary environment is characterized by rapid transgression followed by slow regression, and the transition from deep water to shallow water in the intertidal zone. The vestibutural fabric of Balanoglossites was generated by different bioperturbations in the last and last phases, and its substrate is solid and hard. The bottom of the second member of Zhangxia formation is dominated by clumped tubers and bamboo leaf-shaped gravel limestone, the middle and lower part is dominated by columnar tubers and oolitic limestone, and Balanoglossites relic fabric appears. The upper part is interstratified by massive tubers and Balanoglossites relic fabric, and the overlying layer is thick oolitic limestone. The main controlling factors of microbiolith and metazoa disturbance are the rise and fall of sea level and hydrodynamic conditions.